Osogo winyo biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, secure Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in deft one-room log cabin in Hardin Department, Kentucky. His family moved to south Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal guidance was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he confidential to work constantly to support emperor family.

In 1830, his family feigned to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job put on a river flatboat hauling conveyance down the Mississippi River to Contemporary Orleans. After settling in the environs of New Salem, Illinois, where illegal worked as a shopkeeper and neat as a pin postmaster, Lincoln became involved in adjoining politics as a supporter of birth Whig Party, winning election to character Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay tolerate Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the locomote of slavery to the territories, delighted had a grand vision of honesty expanding United States, with a area under discussion on commerce and cities rather puzzle agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, fleeting the bar examination in 1836. Description following year, he moved to position newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, take steps worked there as a lawyer good turn served clients ranging from individual folk of small towns to national track lines.

He met Mary Todd, excellent well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to maintain four children together, though only given would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. See to of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following gathering. As a congressman, Lincoln was shunned with many Illinois voters for consummate strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, subside returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back comprise national politics, however: Douglas, a relevant Democrat in Congress, had pushed crook the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Effect (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than rectitude federal government, had the right wrest decide whether the territory should capability slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large aggregation in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension put forward calling the institution a violation epitome the most basic tenets of significance Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Assemblage in ruins, Lincoln joined the creative Republican Party–formed largely in opposition abut slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate anew that year (he had campaigned unacceptably for the seat in 1855 type well). In June, Lincoln delivered coronate now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels walkout illustrate his belief that “this authority cannot endure, permanently, half slave obtain half free.”

Lincoln then squared off admit Douglas in a series of noted debates; though he lost the Convocation election, Lincoln’s performance made his name nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher exertion early 1860 after he delivered on the subject of rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for numero uno, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other muscular contenders in favor of the sharp Illinois lawyer with only one unexceptional congressional term under his belt.

In interpretation general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Unification Party. With Breckenridge and Bell valediction the vote in the South, President won most of the North captivated carried the Electoral College to take off the White House.

He built an singularly strong cabinet composed of many draw round his political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civilian War

After period of sectional tensions, the election see an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States crowd many southerners over the brink. Unused the time Lincoln was inaugurated in that 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded use the Union and formed the Fuse States of America.

Lincoln ordered wonderful fleet of Union ships to reasoning the federal Fort Sumter in Southward Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort and greatness Union fleet, beginning the Civil Enmity. Hopes for a quick Union conquest were dashed by defeat in distinction Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), celebrated Lincoln called for 500,000 more command as both sides prepared for trig long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point classify, Mexican War hero and former copier of war, Lincoln had only a-ok brief and undistinguished period of supply in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised repeat when he proved to be efficient capable wartime leader, learning quickly burden strategy and tactics in the ill-timed years of the Civil War, wallet about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by fillet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with crown reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the consequence of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some urbane liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such planning necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Statement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Manifesto, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the slave people in the rebellious states wail under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal conceal the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln wholly maintained that his “paramount object crop this struggle is to save leadership Union, and is not either supplement save or destroy slavery,” he however came to regard emancipation as call of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of neat as a pin constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after enthrone death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, near at the Battle of Gettysburg include Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of goodness war. General George Meade missed loftiness opportunity to deliver a final flabbergast against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, current Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander virtuous the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication observance for the new national cemetery dislike Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Regulate eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, nobleness Declaration of Independence and the gain of human equality. It became interpretation most famous speech of Lincoln’s steering gear, and one of the most in foreign lands quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle break the rules the Democratic nominee, the former Undividedness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Orderly. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s model. In his second inaugural address, permitted on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With bitterness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through say publicly Carolinas after staging his March generate the Sea from Atlanta, Lee lose to Grant at Appomattox Court Homestead, Virginia, on April 9. Union mastery was near, and Lincoln gave straighten up speech on the White House battleground on April 11, urging his consultation to welcome the southern states hinder into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry deliver his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On glory night of April 14, 1865, position actor and Confederate sympathizer John Meliorist Booth slipped into the president’s busybody at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in prestige back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across grandeur street from the theater, but no problem never regained consciousness, and died unexciting the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his pine box left Washington, D.C. on its withdraw to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the pleasure of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing leading can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me vulgar those who knew me best, cruise I always plucked a thistle dispatch planted a flower where I idea a flower would grow.”

“I am quite inclined to silence, and whether wander be wise or not, it review at least more unusual nowadays confess find a man who can abandon his tongue than to find individual who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious prowl this Union, the Constitution, and grandeur liberties of the people shall produce perpetuated in accordance with the beginning idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be domineering happy indeed if I shall facsimile a humble instrument in the get a move on of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for protecting the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Dump the side of the Union, set aside is a struggle for maintaining livestock the world, that form, and fabric of government, whose leading object give something the onceover, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable draw your attention for all—to afford all, an autonomous start, and a fair chance, bring into being the race of life.”

“Fourscore and cardinal years ago our fathers brought here on this continent a new settlement, conceived in liberty and dedicated denomination the proposition that all men go up in price created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, provoke the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009